Few natural phenomena inspire as much awe and wonder as the aurora borealis, or northern lights. These vibrant, dancing ribbons of light transform the night sky into a canvas of color, captivating those lucky enough to witness them. In Norway, the northern lights are more than a natural spectacle—they are an integral part of the country’s culture, history, and identity. Let’s explore the science and the magic behind the aurora borealis from a Norwegian perspective.
The northern light at Magerøya. The location is just a few kilometres from North Cape. This was one of my first aurora photos that I got in the autumn of 2024.
Click on the image for a bigger version.
What Are the Northern Lights?
The aurora borealis is a natural light display that occurs when charged particles from the sun interact with Earth’s magnetic field and atmosphere. These particles, carried by the solar wind, collide with gases like oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere. The energy released during these collisions emits light, creating the brilliant colors and shifting patterns we see.
In Norway, the northern lights are a source of fascination and pride. The most common colors are green and pink, but shades of red, yellow, blue, and violet can also appear. Green, the most prevalent color, is produced by oxygen molecules at altitudes of about 60 miles, while red hues occur at higher altitudes. Nitrogen contributes to blue and purplish colors, adding to the dynamic display.
Why Are Auroras Seen Near the Poles?
Earth’s magnetic field plays a crucial role in the formation of auroras. The field channels charged solar particles toward the magnetic poles, where they enter the atmosphere. Norway’s location within the Arctic Circle makes it one of the best places in the world to experience the northern lights. From the northern regions of Tromsø and Finnmark to the remote Lofoten Islands, Norwegians and visitors alike are treated to awe-inspiring displays during the dark winter months.
Experiencing the Aurora in Norway
The best time to view the northern lights in Norway is from late September to early April, when the polar nights create long hours of darkness. Clear, cloudless conditions away from artificial lights provide the ideal setting. Tromsø, often called the “Gateway to the Arctic,” is one of the most popular destinations for aurora hunting. Other stunning locations include:
- Alta: Known as the “City of the Northern Lights,” it is home to the world’s first northern lights observatory.
- Senja: This island offers breathtaking landscapes and excellent chances to see the lights.
- Svalbard: For a truly remote and magical experience, the Svalbard archipelago offers an unparalleled view of the aurora.
- North Cape: Why not watch the northern light from the top of Europe? This is also where I shoot most of my photos of the northern light.
A photo from the 10th of September 2024. Early season can be nice, with much warmer weather than later in the season. Of course, the landscape will be darker and have fewer details since the snow is missing.
The Cultural Significance of the Aurora
In Norwegian folklore, the northern lights have been a source of wonder and mystery for centuries. Ancient Norse mythology often linked the lights to the gods, believing them to be reflections of their shields or the Valkyries riding across the sky. Sami traditions also hold rich interpretations, viewing the lights as sacred and a connection to the spiritual world.
Today, the aurora continues to inspire art, music, and storytelling in Norway. It is a symbol of the country’s natural beauty and a reminder of the powerful forces that shape our world.
How to Capture the Aurora Borealis
If you’re planning to photograph the aurora in Norway, preparation is key. Here are a few tips:
- Use a tripod: Stability is essential for long exposure shots.
- Adjust your camera settings: Use a wide aperture, high ISO, and a shutter speed of 5-30 seconds, depending on the aurora’s brightness.
- Dress warmly: Arctic temperatures can be extreme, so layering is crucial.
- Scout your location: Find a dark, open area with minimal light pollution.
- Be patient: Auroras can be unpredictable, so be prepared to wait.
Trollholmsund: A Blend of Myth and Geology in Norway
Nestled on the western shores of Porsangerfjord in Porsanger, Norway, Trollholmsund captivates visitors with its striking dolomite rock formations. These ancient structures, estimated to be 700 million years old, are not just geological wonders but also the subject of enchanting Sami folklore.
According to legend, these rocks were once trolls carrying a chest of gold and silver. While traversing the plateau, they were caught by the first rays of dawn near Trollholmsund, turning them into stone—a fate reserved for trolls exposed to sunlight. All these trolls add mysticism to an aurora photo session in the dark season of the year.
Conclusion
For Norwegians, the aurora borealis is more than a natural phenomenon; it is a cherished part of their heritage and a gateway to understanding the beauty of the Arctic. Whether you’re a local or a traveller experiencing the lights for the first time, the aurora’s celestial dance is sure to leave a lasting impression. Pack your bags, head north, and let Norway’s skies enchant you.
PS! Keep an eye on my blog, I’m planning a post about aurora at Trollholmsund.
